Read The Victorian City: Everyday Life in Dickens' London Online
Authors: Judith Flanders
Tags: #History, #General, #Social History
The Victorian City: Everyday Life in Dickens' London (90 page)
Mystery of Edwin Drood, The
(CD),
32
,
423
naked: definition,
184
n
Nancy (character,
Oliver Twist
),
30
,
420
Nandy, Old (character,
Little Dorrit
),
169
,
274
Napier, Sir Charles,
272
n
Naples, Joseph,
374
National Gallery, Trafalgar Square,
271
,
367
Neckinger, river,
201
Neild, John Camden: leaves money to Queen Victoria,
312
Nelson, Admiral Horatio, Viscount: funeral,
336
; Trafalgar Square monument,
271–4
Nelson’s Column: transport of granite,
46
Nemo (character,
Bleak House
),
49–50
,
187
,
222
New Bunhill Fields burial grounds,
220
New Cut market, Bermondsey,
134
New England Coffee-House,
295
New Oxford Street: built,
189
New Pye Street,
182
New Swell’s Night Guide to the Bowers of Venus, The
,
189
n
Newgate market,
133
Newgate prison,
173–4
,
176
,
291
,
383–5
,
384
,
388
,
392
Newport market,
132
newspapers: in chophouses,
300–1
; sale and rental,
154
Nichol Street, Whitechapel,
194
Nicholas I, Tsar of Russia,
321–2
n
Nicholas Nickleby
(CD),
5
,
29
,
75
,
99
,
136
,
177
,
246
,
288
,
356
,
377
Nicholson, Renton (‘the Lord Chief Baron’),
361
& n,
413
Nickleby, Nicholas (character,
Nicholas Nickleby
),
90
Nickleby, Ralph (character,
Nicholas Nickleby
),
219
night life and entertainments,
347
Night Refuges,
197
‘Nightly Scene in London, A’ (CD; article),
180
nightsoil,
207
Nine Elms: gas explosion (1865),
325
; railway station,
106
Nobby Songster, The
(songbook),
359
Noggs, Newman (character,
Nicholas Nickleby
),
185
,
208
North London Railway,
106
Northumberland, Hugh Percy, 3rd Duke of: funeral,
323
Nubbles, Kit (character,
Old Curiosity Shop
),
156
offal: as food,
291
office workers: walk to and from work,
25–6
Old Coachman’s Chatter, An
,
98
Old Curiosity Shop, The
(CD),
8
,
252
Old Fleece (chophouse),
297
Old Mint, Bermondsey,
183
Old Nichol, Shoreditch,
182
Old Pye Street,
182
Old Welsh Harp, Hendon,
275
Oliver Twist
(CD): and death sentence,
386
n; instalment delayed by death of Mary Hogarth,
222–3
; on Jacob’s Island,
190–1
; officialdom satirized,
378
; on pauper burial,
219
; pedlar in,
152
; on Poor Laws,
168
; pub landlord in,
356
; slum districts in,
183
; writing,
5
omnibuses: carry advertisements,
245
; design,
71–2
; drivers and conductors,
72–3
; employees’ working hours,
29
; extra horses for,
74–5
,
74
; introduced,
70–1
; popularity,
69
,
72
; service and operation,
72–65
; stop on either side of road,
44
open spaces
see
parks
ordinaries (eating houses),
301
Ordnance Office, Pall Mall,
367
organ grinders,
253–4
Osborne, Isle of Wight,
313
n,
314
Our Mutual Friend
(CD): on Billingsgate workers,
127
; on churchyard,
222
; on colour of fog,
204
; describes Thames,
10
,
200
,
423
; on men’s dress,
146
n; on steamer accident on Thames,
69
out of doors clerks,
356
& n
Oxford Circus,
265
Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
,
55
n
Oxford English Dictionary
,
55
Oxford market,
131
Oyster day,
320
oyster houses,
289–90
oysters: as poor man’s food,
282
& n
Paddington railway station,
106
& n
Paine, Thomas:
The Age of Reason
,
382
Pall Mall East,
270
Pall Mall Gazette
,
198
Palmerston, Henry John Temple, 3rd Viscount,
43
,
77
,
276
; funeral,
324
Panizzi, (Sir) Anthony,
317
Pantechnicon, Belgrave Square,
263
Pantheon, the (bazaar),
237
Panton Square,
261–3
Paris, Peace of (1814),
308
parishes: beating bounds,
318
; and fire control,
326
; given right to demolish insanitary buildings,
191
; responsibility for street maintenance,
56–8
; and sewage,
215
Park, Frederick
see
Boulton, Ernest and Frederick Park
Parkman, Francis,
12
parks and open spaces: designs and facilities,
267
; leisure walks,
274
; public access,
260–1
,
266–7
;
see also
individual parks
Parliament: burnt down and rebuilt,
104
n,
330–1
; calendar,
238
; and Great Stink (1858),
224
; sewers,
214–15
Parliamentary Select Committees
see
Select Committees
‘Passage in the Life of Mr Watkins Tottle, A’ (CD; story),
175
pastry-cooks,
290
Pate, Robert,
314
n
Paternoster Row: as one-way street,
44
paupers
see
poor, the
‘Pawnbroker’s Shop, The’ (CD; article),
399
pea soup,
292–3
Peck, river,
201
Pecksniff (character,
Martin Chuzzlewit
),
94
Peel, Sir Robert: on design of Nelson memorial,
271
; fatally injured in fall from horse,
306
,
306
; forms Metropolitan Police,
373
peep-shows
see
raree- or peep-shows
Penny Company (steam boats),
68
Penny Magazine
,
72
periwinkles,
283
Petticoat Lane,
137
‘Phiz’
see
Browne, Hablot Knight
Piccadilly: widening postponed,
57
Piccadilly Circus (
formerly
Regent’s Circus),
264
Pickford’s Removals,
138
Pickwick, Mr (character,
Pickwick Papers
): falls through ice,
231
; in Fleet prison,
175–6
; at the Golden Cross Hotel,
268
,
354
; hand gesture in,
252
; journeys,
354
; takes chaise,
91
; travels by coach,
99
Pickwick Papers
(CD): on coach passengers,
97
; on coaching inns,
96
; on London,
9–10
; on piemen tossing coins,
286
; published,
5
; pubs in,
354
,
356
; on short-stagecoach,
69
; on street lighting,
53
piemen,
285–6
pillories,
381–3
Pimlico,
182
pimps (bullies),
395
Pinch, Tom (character,
Martin Chuzzlewit
),
86
,
125
,
349
Pip (character,
Great Expectations
),
173
,
176
,
212
,
247
,
275
,
403
Pius IX, Pope,
321
n
Place, Francis,
411
playbills,
243
pockets,
40
n
Podsnap, Mr (character,
Our Mutual Friend
),
190
police: and control of mob violence,
373–4
,
377
; empowered to keep streets clear of goods,
151
; Peel introduces in London,
373
; routine methods,
380
; traffic regulation and control,
44–5
,
48–9
Police Act (1839),
151
Political Union of the Working Classes,
373
poor laws and relief,
167–9
,
197
; and sanitation measures,
214
poor, the: and crime,
180
; disparaged and disdained,
168
,
171
,
181
,
190
; displaced by ‘improvements’,
181
,
188–9
,
196
; economic fragility of,
158
; food and diet,
281–2
,
291
; homeless,
196
; housing districts,
181–2
,
187–8
; hunger and starvation,
196–7
; refuges and asylums,
197
; rents,
196
; work,
159–61
; in workhouses,
167
,
169
;
see also
slums
porters,
157–8
Portland Place,
265
Portland stone: blackens in London,
204
Portland Town,
182
Portman market,
131
Portman Square,
262
Portugal Street,
220–1
post (mail): carried by coach,
91–2
; foreign post,
29
n; last delivery,
155
post-chaises,
90–1
potatoes: street sellers of,
283–4
,
284
Pratt, John,
418
Price’s Candles (company),
112
Prig, Betsey (character,
Martin Chuzzlewit
),
305
Primrose Hill,
266
Prince Regent
see
George IV, King
Princess Alice
(steamer),
277
& n
prisoners: transport,
305
prisons: cholera epidemics,
218
; conditions,
172
,
179–80
; debtors’,
173–6
; nicknames,
383
; numbers,
173
;
see also
individual prisons
pronunciation
see
speech
prostitutes: age,
409
; child,
379
,
399
; definition,
393–4
; deplore street lighting,
54
; dress,
398
,
401–3
; earnings,
410
& n; generosity,
25
; guides and directories,
404–5
,
412–13
; numbers,
393–6
,
408
n; operate at home,
409–10
; recruitment and backgrounds,
399–400
; street-walking,
408–10
; suicides,
421
; supposed early deaths,
418
; venues and districts,
405–9
,
411–13
; visual identification of,
398–404
,
398
;
see also
accommodation houses; brothels
puberty,
142
public houses (pubs): clientele,
352
; design and character,
351–3
; guides to,
350
; landlords,
356
; as meeting places for homosexual men,
414
; offer services,
247
; opening hours,
351
; as selling sites,
142
,
152
; tea gardens,
274
; as venues for clubs and groups,
354–7
Pückler-Muskau, Prince Herman von,
325
Pugin, Augustus,
104
n
Punch and Judy shows,
256–7
puppet shows,
257
Queen Square,
261
Queen Victoria Street,
189
Quilp (character,
Old Curiosity Shop
),
65
Ragged School: dormitories,
164
,
198
; education,
197
; formed,
148–9
; partitions,
295
n; sets up Shoeblack Society,
153